Posted by Circuits Arena on Tuesday, 10 October 2017
How Does A Capacitor Work? | Basics of Capacitors is the artlcle explaining How Does A Capacitor Work? | Basics of Capacitors or Condenser A capacitor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that stores el...
How Does A Capacitor Work? | Basics of Capacitors or Condenser
A capacitor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that stores electrical energy in an electric field. The effect of a capacitor is known as capacitance. While capacitance exists between any two electrical conductors of a circuit in sufficiently close proximity, a capacitor is specifically designed to provide and enhance this effect for a variety of practical applications by consideration of size, shape, and positioning of closely spaced conductors, and the intervening dielectric material. A capacitor was therefore historically first known as an electric
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Capacitor is constructed by using two conducting
surfaces or plates and an insulating material (i.e. Dielectric like
mica, paper, air etc) between these two surfaces.
Current from the battery tries to flow through this
capacitor from its positive plate (plate I) to negative plate (plate II) but cannot flow at max value due to separation of these plates with an insulating material. Rather a very small current will flow through this insulating material (dielectric) from Positive to Negative plate depending upon the value of strength of this dielectric.
An electric field will form inside the capacitor dielectric from positive to negative plate. As time goes on, positive plate (plate I) will accumulate positive charge from the battery and negative plate (plate II) will accumulate negative charge from negative end of the battery. After a certain time, the capacitor holds maximum amount of charge as per its capacitance with respect to this voltage. This time span is called charging time of this capacitor.
If two ends (plate I and plate II) get shorted through a load, a current
will flow through this load from plate I to plate II up to all charges
get vanished from both plates. This time span is known as discharging
time of the capacitor.
When two conductors experience a potential difference, for example, when a capacitor is attached across a battery, an electric field develops across the dielectric, causing a net positive charge
to collect on one plate and net negative charge to collect on the other
plate. No current actually flows through the dielectric, however, there
is a flow of charge through the source circuit. If the condition is
maintained sufficiently long, the current through the source circuit
ceases. However, if a time-varying voltage is applied across the leads
of the capacitor, the source experiences an ongoing current due to the
charging and discharging cycles of the capacitor.
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How Does A Capacitor Work? | Basics of Capacitors or Condenser,capacitor working principle,what is a capacitor used for,capacitor function,capacitor vs battery,what does a capacitor do in an air conditioner,what does a capacitor do for a sound system,how does a capacitor work in a circuit
